Lahore Session of July Ans. This was all about the civil disobedience movement. We hope you find the revision notes helpful in your preparations. For more such content, subscribe to Leverage Edu and book a free session with our experts. Leave a Reply Cancel reply. Your email address will not be published.
Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Hi, Joy! Thank you for your comment. We are glad you found it informative. H History. How did the civil disobedience movement begin? What are the features of the civil disobedience movement? Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Take the first step today. You May Also Like. Read More 12 minute read. E English. Beowulf is the earliest…. Read More 9 minute read. Are you interested in knowing about the past and how it connects to our contemporary world?
Do you…. Read More 6 minute read. History is one of the vast topics to cover while preparing for competitive exams. As a lengthy subject,…. We are not makers of history; we are made by history — Martin Luther King Jr. History is not…. They reached Dandi on 6 April There, Gandhi broke the salt law. It was illegal for anyone to make salt as it was a government monopoly. Gandhi defied the government by picking up a handful of salt which had been formed by the evaporation of sea.
The defiance of the salt law was followed by the spread of Civil Disobedience Movement all over the country. In Tamil Nadu, C. Rajgopalchari led a march-similar to the Dandi march-from Trichinopoly to Vedaranyam. In Dharsana, in Gujarat, Sarojini Naidu, the famous poetess who was a prominent leader of the congress and had been president of the congress, led non-violent satyagrahis in a march to the salt depots owned by the government.
Over satyagrahis were severely injured and two killed in the brutal lathi charge by the police. There were demonstrations, hartals, boycott of foreign goods, and later refusal to pay taxes. Lakhs of people participated in the movement, including a large number of women. In November , the British government convened the first round table conference in London to consider the reforms proposed by the Simon commission.
The congress, which was fighting for the independence of the country, boycotted it. But it was attended by the representatives of Indian princes, Muslim league, Hindu Mahasabha and some others. But nothing came out of it. The British government knew that without the participation of the congress, no decision on constitutional changes In India would be acceptable to the Indian people.
Early in , efforts were made by Viceroy Irwin to persuade the congress to join the second round table conference. An agreement was reached between Gandhi and Irwin, according to which the government agreed to release all political prisoners against whom there were no charges of violence. The congress was to suspend the civil disobedience movement.
This movement was popularly known as Salt Satyagraha. The congress leaders had struggled to get together by collecting funds, touring different villages and spreading the message of nationalism.
Everything started from the grass root level. Not only that, the site from where the satyagraha was to start was chosen, funds collected, all the arrangements were made, volunteers were prepared and every one faced their own battle and worked way too hard to make it a success. When Gandhi finally reached Dandi, everyone grew eager to know the final signal. On 6 th April, when Gandhi reached Dandi, he picked up a handful of salt from the seashore.
Through this action, Gandhi marked the commencement of Civil Disobedience movement, which remained unsurpassed till today in the history of Indian National Movement for freedom. The participation of people at a massive scale unleased the enthusiasm among the citizens. They came together and joined hands to work together to attain freedom from the British rule. The soldiers of Indian Army, who at that time were very devoted to the British, even their patriotism rose and they were moved and influenced to a great extent.
One of the instances was when on the orders, the soldiers defied the firing at the people in Peshawar on 25 th April, which was popularly known as 18 th Royal Garhwali Rifle Soldiers. The whole motive of the civil disobedience movement was to defy the orders of the British and demand for freedom in a peaceful way without adapting to any measure of violence. They used to picket the liquor shops and opium dens and also those stores where foreign goods were sold.
This was just a way which was adapted by the Indians to divert their means to convince the buyers and sellers to change their ways and using the swadeshi goods. This movement was further boosted by the students and youth who encouraged the boycott of foreign goods, liquor and clothes.
In states like Bihar, anti-Chowkidara tax campaigns were set up where the villagers refused to pay protection money to the local guards who supplemented the meagre forces of police in the rural areas. It was here that Rajendra Prasad actively participated in the campaigns.
In Gujarat Province, a no tax movement started which ruled against the payment of revenue to the government. This was more prominent in places of Kheda, Surat and Broach districts.
It was here that Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel took part actively in this campaign to promote no taxation. After this, people on a large scale in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Central Province which mostly comprised of tribal populations defied the forest laws. In Assam, a lot of agitated movements took pace against the Cunningham Circular which highlighted that students should be forced as well as their guardians to furnish good behaviour.
Similarly, in Up, no-revenue, no-rent campaign was organised to boycott the movement of giving rents and paying their revenue to the governments. Since the zamindars were the middle man and were utterly devoted to the British, they turned to the target of the atrocities of the public. Gandhi was arrested on 5 th May right after the Dandi March a couple of days before the action at Dharasana. The people rose in protest and as a result, there were widespread arrests.
In many places where the crowd was actually very much, the police withdrew. The outrage of the people was unexpectedly large and violent. There was another larger movement all across the country to boycott the foreign goods and Civil Disobedience Movement was again launched in full swing. Women also participated in this protest and played an active role. After this, British used measures which were very repressive in nature.
That also included mass arrests, lathi charges, police firing. It was as a result of this, that a large segment of people went to jail. In many places, residents attacked the government authorities and dominated the movement with constant strikes. As a result, a virtual parallel government was launched in the city which could only be disposed and calmed down after the imposition of Marital Law in Gandhi launched another phase of civil disobedience movement as an attempt to achieve complete independence.
A point ultimatum was served to the authorities which clearly highlighted the grievances of the people of India. Although it pointed out the grievances it did not highlight the need for complete independence.
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