Years lost to premature death. For countries with no military forces, this figure can include expenditures on public security and police. Internet users are people with access to the worldwide network. See this sample survey for the United States , respondents were asked "Are you concerned with the water pollution in this city? Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime , than actual prevelence. Medical doctors are defined as doctors that study, diagnose, treat, and prevent illness, disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in humans through the application of modern medicine.
They also plan, supervise, and evaluate care and treatment plans by other health care providers. The World Health Organization estimates that fewer than 2. Respondents were asked about the price of 1 kg of Chicken Breasts Boneless, Skinless. Data refer to people victimized by one or more of 11 crimes recorded in the survey: robbery, burglary, attempted burglary, car theft, car vandalism, bicycle theft, sexual assault, theft from car , theft of personal property, assault and threats.
A kilowatt kW generator will produce 10 kilowatt hours kWh of electricity, if it runs continuously for one hour. Fuel prices refer to the pump prices of the most widely sold grade of gasoline. Prices have been converted from the local currency to U. It includes all crops except fodder crops. Regional and income group aggregates for the FAO's production indexes are calculated from the underlying values in international dollars, normalized to the base period Number of prisoners held per , population.
To calculate this section, Numbeo uses the "Markets" section of each city. Membership is defined as baptised and active. See this sample survey for the United States , respondents were asked "Apartment 1 bedroom in City Centre".
Respondents were asked about the price of 1 kg of apples. Also see the Terminology note. Roads refer to motorways, highways, main or national roads, secondary or regional roads, and other roads. A motorway is a road specially designed and built for motor traffic that separates the traffic flowing in opposite directions. The defition of an urban area differs for each country. CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction contains the emissions from combustion of fuels in industry.
The IEA data are not collected in a way that allows the energy consumption to be split by specific end-use and therefore, autoproducers are shown as a separate item Unallocated Autoproducers.
The survey was carried out within the Gallup Poll. Population refers to midyear population in the year for which data are available. Aggregates are based on constant U. Coffee and tea are excluded because, although edible, they have no nutritive value. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons.
This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners. A GrandMaster is the highest level of recognition in chess. Figures are for Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.
The "Happiness net " statistic was obtained via the following formula: the percentage of people who rated themselves as either "quite happy" or "very happy" minus the percentage of people who rated themselves as either "not very happy" or "not at all happy". This category includes not only foreign currency and gold, but also a country's holdings of Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund, and its reserve position in the Fund.
Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current local currency. Measurement unit is grams for the return trip. To calculate an average estimation of emission in grams for one way commute to work, divide this value with 2.
Respondents were asked about the price of 1 kg of potatoes. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country.
They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Mobile phone subscribers refer to users of portable telephones subscribing to an automatic public mobile telephone service using cellular technology that provides access to the public switched telephone network.
Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here. Not all countries have national symbols; a few countries have more than one. GNI formerly GNP is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes less subsidies not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income compensation of employees and property income from abroad. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products.
Electricity production from renewable sources includes hydropower, geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels. See this sample survey for the United States , respondents were asked "How do you find quality and the accessibility of drinking water? See this sample survey for the United States , respondents were asked "Meal for 2, Mid-range Restaurant, Three-course".
Ten european countries top the list, all located at the East of the continent, with the exception of Greece. Developed asian countries like China, South Korea and Japan also register high cigarette consumption, while Africa hosts the countries with less consumption. Telephone lines are fixed telephone lines that connect a subscriber's terminal equipment to the public switched telephone network and that have a port on a telephone exchange. Integrated services digital network channels ands fixed wireless subscribers are included.
Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population. Data are expressed constant U. The flags of independent states are used by their dependencies unless there is an officially recognized local flag.
Some disputed and other areas do not have flags. Rural population is calculated as the difference between the total population and the urban population.
Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees such as wages and salaries , interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends.
See this sample survey for the United States , respondents were asked "Apartment 1 bedroom Outside of Centre". Enrolment in total secondary. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions.
Select year The same as Italy. Catholic Most workers are covered by an award , which may vary by employee age, geographical location and industry.
Junior workers, apprentices and trainees not covered by an award each have a minimum wage level set nationally. None; instead set through collective bargaining agreements on a sector-by-sector basis.
High Court the chief justice and six other justices are appointed by the governor general acting on the advice of the government. Constitutional Court or Corte Costituzionale composed of 15 judges: one-third appointed by the president, one-third elected by parliament, one-third elected by the ordinary and administrative Supreme Courts ; Supreme Court of Cassation or Corte Suprema di Cassazione.
Twice as much as Australia. The Australian economy has experienced continuous growth and features low unemployment, contained inflation, very low public debt, and a strong and stable financial system. By , Australia had experienced more than 20 years of continued economic growth, averaging 3. Demand for resources and energy from Asia and especially China has grown rapidly, creating a channel for resources investments and growth in commodity exports.
Australia was comparatively unaffected by the global financial crisis as the banking system has remained strong and inflation is under control. Australia has benefited from a dramatic surge in its terms of trade in recent years, stemming from rising global commodity prices. Australia is a significant exporter of natural resources, energy, and food. Australia's abundant and diverse natural resources attract high levels of foreign investment and include extensive reserves of coal, iron, copper, gold, natural gas, uranium, and renewable energy sources.
Australia is an open market with minimal restrictions on imports of goods and services. The process of opening up has increased productivity, stimulated growth, and made the economy more flexible and dynamic.
Italy has a diversified industrial economy, which is divided into a developed industrial north, dominated by private companies, and a less-developed, highly subsidized, agricultural south, where unemployment is high. The Italian economy is driven in large part by the manufacture of high-quality consumer goods produced by small and medium-sized enterprises, many of them family-owned.
These activities are most common within the agriculture, construction, and service sectors. Italy is the third-largest economy in the euro-zone, but its exceptionally high public debt and structural impediments to growth have rendered it vulnerable to scrutiny by financial markets. During the second half of the government passed three austerity packages to reduce its budget deficit and help bring down borrowing costs.
These measures included a hike in the value-added tax, pension reforms, and cuts to public administration.
The government also faces pressure from investors and European partners to sustain its recent efforts to address Italy's long-standing structural impediments to growth, such as labor market inefficiencies and widespread tax evasion.
In economic growth and labor market conditions deteriorated, with growth at The government has undertaken several reform initiatives designed to increase long-term economic growth. Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister and nominated by the President of the Republic. Legal as alternative to the mandatory public school system. Legal, homeschooling is allowed by the constitution. Twice as much as Italy. About the same as Australia.
English About the same as Italy. Southern Europe, a peninsula extending into the central Mediterranean Sea, northeast of Tunisia. APO AP Age of criminal responsibility in Australia. Rebuttable presumption of incapacity of committing crime: under Juvenile judiciary system for offenders aged between 14 and 18; separate juvenile jails.
Full criminal responsibility from age The sixth-largest country in the world by land mass, its comparatively small population is concentrated in the highly-urbanised east of the Australian continent. Many of the first settlers were convicts, but freemen started to arrive in increasing numbers after the discovery of gold in the midth century.
Comparability is hampered by differences in local practice, including whether psychiatrically ill offenders are under the authority of the prison administration. People held in a form of custody not under the authority of a prison administration are not included in this figure. Source: International Centre for Prison Studies. Employed persons in Italy work an average of hours each year while persons in Australia work an average of hours. This entry contains the total number of hours worked over the year for the average employed person Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
This entry contains the number of victims of an unlawful death purposefully inflicted on a person by another person. Data is originally sourced from either criminal justice or public health systems. The number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1, live births in Italy is 3. This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1, live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female.
This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country. The GINI index measures the degree of inequality in the distribution of family income. In Italy it is This index measures the degree of inequality in the distribution of family income in a country.
The index is calculated from the Lorenz curve, in which cumulative family income is plotted against the number of families arranged from the poorest to the richest. The index is the ratio of a the area between a country's Lorenz curve and the 45 degree helping line to b the entire triangular area under the 45 degree line.
The more nearly equal a country's income distribution, the closer its Lorenz curve to the 45 degree line and the lower its Gini index, e. The calculator will automatically adjust for daylight saving time DST in the summer.
You can use it as a meeting planner or a scheduler to find the best time to make international phone calls. The tz database or zoneinfo database uses the closest city, rather than the more common Eastern, Central, Mountain or Pacific time zones in the United States. Countries often change their daylight saving rules, so please help us stay current by letting us know if you find any pages that need updates.
0コメント